An accident involved 17 miners some 365 metres beneath the surface at Alrosa's Udachninskiy ore-dressing plant 14 km south of the Arctic Circle.
Alrosa calls for end to $25,000 ceiling on individual diamond exports.
Like a Russian nesting doll, one diamond is inside another.
New enterprise will work with rough diamonds from Alrosa, which holds the world's largest reserves in Yakutia.
At least 138 miners brought safely to surface of Alrosa's Mir complex with hopes of getting remaining men out alive.
Appalling conditions in Alrosa's Mir mine forces end to search on submerged level 310 some 11 days after devastating flood.
Alrosa to announce timetable within two weeks, with exchange likely open by 2016.
A deal worth at least $60 million a year is close between Russia's largest diamond mining company and the US giant Tiffany & Co.
Body found buried some 200 metres from remote research facility 150 kilometres from Mirny.